Charge-forming device



Dec. 10, 1929. o. w. GREENE 1,738,323

CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Original Filed Jan. 31, 1921 INVENTOR. Otto W. Greene.

Patented Dec. 10, 1929 urrn 'r rieE OTTO W. GREENE, OF ELYRIA, OHIO, ASSIGNOR ZEQ INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH CORPORA- TION, OF TOLEDO, UHIG, A CURPOILATEUN Uh DELAWARE CHIARHEPFURTETIIQi DEVICE Application filed January 31, 1921, flerial No. 441,194. Renewed Setober 8, 1928.

10 air current. Another object is to produce this breaking up, or atomization, in two stages, one atomization occurring without the venturi and the second occurring as the preliminary mixture enters the venturi.

Another object is to lead the air for the preliminary atomization from an unrestricted portion of the venturi, so that there is a difference of pressure to cause the flow of air for said preliminary atomization Another object is to provide an annular chamber about the venturi in which the preliminary mixture of air and liquid takes place, and which delivers said preliminary mixture to a restricted portion of the venturi :25 evenly all around said portion.

Another object is the provision of n cans to bypass a portion of the air which enters the Venturi tube so that said by-passed air will serve to form av preliminary mixture of so air and liquid and then to admit this mixture into said Venturi tube.

Other objects and those relating to simpleness of structure and economies of 1nanufacture will appear herein as I proceed with a detailed description of that particular embodiment of my invention which for the purposes of illustration I have shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure I is a longitudinal section through the mixing valve and showing its connections to the engine and the fuel and air pipes.

Figure 11 is an end elevation on an-enlarged scale of the removable Venturi memher, and

Figure III is a side elevation of the same with a part in section.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

1 represents the valve body of the air and fuel mixing valve which supplies an explosive mixture to the internal combustion engine 2. 3 is theair intake pipe which may be secured to the valve body by a flange, as shown, or by any suitable means. i is the liquid fuel sup ply pipe leading from the fuel tank, not shown. 5 is an air choke valve for cutting off the air supply to the mixing valve by the operation of the handle 6. Any form of choke valve may be used, but ll prefer to use a rotary valve, as shown, having a curved end surface 7 whereby the cross section of the air passage may be accurately adjusted and indicated by the position of the handle 6. 8 is a removable Venturi member which together with the passage 9 in the valve body forms the complete Venturi tube. The member 8 abuts a shoulder on the valve body 1 and is provided all around its end with a number of small radial grooves 10. The member 8 is also chamfered at its end as shown at 11 (Figure Ill) which thus provides an annular space 12 between member 8 and the valve body 1. The liquid fuel enters this annular space 12 from the fuel supply pipe 4: preferably first passing through a strainer 13 and a replaceable nozzle 14. During normal run ning of the engine a small amount of air also enters this annular space 12 by way of two drilled holes 15 in the flare of the member 8, thence through the annular space 16 formed between the valve body land the member 8, and thence through a number of peripheral grooves 17 leading into the annular space 12, as shown. The suction of the engine acting at the throat of the venturi where the suction is greatest, brings liquid fuel from pipe l up into the annular space 12. This same suction draws a small amount of air through the holes 15 and thence through the grooves 17 into the space 12 which mixes with the liquid fuel and breaks it up into atomized particles in space 12. These atomized particles then pass evenly all around through the radial grooves 10 at a very high velocity into the air stream at the point of maximum speed of air and are therefore further broken up and vaporized. If the air choke valve 5 is turned to reduce the amount of air admitted through pipe 3 it will increase the suction acting upon the liquid fuel and thus cause a richer mixture to be supplied to the engine.

quality of the mixture is controlled by the valve 5. l/Vhen valve5 is adjusted to increase the amount of charge the mixture is made leaner and vice versa. The mixing valve as shown acts to maintain the same proportionate mixture when applied to engine use, through large engine speed variation. lVhere 'the'l'oad governs the speed, an increase in revolutions makes the suction pressure at the Venturi throat greater tending to draw its proportionate increase in amount of fuel and air. The greater air speed also causes a corresponding increase in the suction pressure at. the flare of the venturi, and as a result the first stage of atomizing remains unchanged except that the increased suction draws more fuel thr-oughthe line, which is necessary to maintain the mixture.

lvith "a fixed nozzle in' the fuel line the valve 5 be comes only a regulator of the mixture, either too rich or lean with no'chance to throttle the motor except at the expense of fuel economy.

' The lever is made convenient to operate in order that when stanting a much enriched mixture-can be used by moving the lever over to close the valve- For 'staifti'ng purposes a priming cup 20. is provided on the top of the valve body 1. The cup. is preferably formed integrally with the valve body-but if desired it may be formed separately and be attached thereto. VVhe/n starting the engine priming fluid is insorted in thecup '20, the ai-r choke valve '5 is almost closed, and the engine is turned over. The priming fuel passes down through the pin hole passage 21 into the space 16, thence through the peripheral grooves 17 to the annular.- space 12 and thence through the grooves ,10 mthe ngine. Sufficient air to airadmittedthrough hole Qlcan have no very make a very rich mixture for starting passes bythe choke valve aandfmixes with the primi'n'g fuel at the throat of the venturi.

" a Thepin hole 21 is; so small compared to the two-holes lat-hat during normal running the appreciable effect. The slight amount of air which is admitted thcrethrough mixes 1n space 16 with the air passmg through holes 15 and thereafter, acts as if it all passed through the holes 15., r

;While :I have described in more or less detail a certain embodiment of my invention I do not-wish to be limited thcreto,as it is obvious to those skilled in th e farttha't other em bodimerits and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of my in- ,vention, as defined in the appended claims.

"WhM'IClH ID SSI- r V 13 1! m xing de zice, a Yentun tube, a

ehainber-in-c'lose proximityto arestricted portionof said 'venti-tri, mesa-is for supply: a

' liquidto said chamben'means for supplying air to said chamber evenly all around said chamber for mixing with the liquid therein, and means for admitting the air and liquid from said chamber into said venturi, said last mentioned means including a plurality of channels spaced about said tube and in connection with the chamber.

2. In a mixing device, a Venturi tube, a chamber in close proximity to a restricted portion of said venturi, means for supplying a liquid to said chamber, means including channels formed in the wall of the Vcnturi tube for supplying air to said chamber for mixing with the liquid therein, and means for admitting the air and liquid from said chaniher into said vcnturi.

3. In a mixing device, a Venturi tube, a chamber in close proximity to a restricted portion of said ienturi, means for supplying a liquid to said chamber, means including channels formed in the wall of the Vcnturi tube for supplying air to said chamber for atomizing the liquid therein, and means for admitting the air and liquid from said chamber into said venturi.

4-. In a mixing device including a mixing chamber, a Venturi tube, an annular chamber around said Venturi tube, means for supplying a liquid to said annular chamber,

chamber, aby-pass for leading air from a less restricted portion of said Vcnturi tube into said chamber for mixing with the liquid therein, including a plurality of closely adjacent axially extending channels positioned about the tube, whereby a. uniform air distribution to the mixing chamber is accomplished and means for admitting the air and liquid from said chamber into said VenturI tube at a restricted portion thereof.

6. In a mixing device, a tube having a restricted portion; an annular chamber surrounding said tube in close proximity to the restricted portion of said tube; means for supplying a liquid to said chamber; a second chamber surrounding said tube at a less restricted portion thereof; means for admitting air to said second chamber; means including a. plurality of passageways connecting said chambers; and means for admitting the resulting mixture of fuel and air intosaid tube.

7. In a mixing device, a Venturi tube; an annular chamber surrounding said tube in Iii messes close proximity to the restricted portion thereof; means for supplying a liquid to said chamber; a second chamber surrounding said Venturi tube at a less restricted portion thereof; means for admitting air into said second chamber; communicating passageways between said chambers; means for admitting the resulting mixture of fuel and air into said Venturi tube through openings located at the most restricted portion of the tube.

8. In a mixing device, a Venturi tube; a chamber surrounding said tube in close proximity to the r stricted portion thereof; means for supplying a liquid to said chamber; a second chamber surrounding said tube; means for admitting air from said Venturi tube to said second chamber; means including a plurality o'f passageways connecting said chambers; and means for admitting the resulting mixture of liquid and air into said Venturi tube at the most restricted portion thereof.

9. In a mixing device, a tube having a restricted portion; a chamber surrounding said tube close proximity to the restricted portion thereof; means for supplying liquid to said chamber; a second chamber surrounding said tube; means for admitting air to said second chamber through openings in the walls of said venturi at a less restricted portion thereof; means for connecting said chambers including a plurality of passageways; and means for admitting the resulting mixture of liquid and air into said venturi through circumferentially spaced openings arranged in the wall of said venturi at the most restricted portion thereof.

In testimony whereof, I aiiix mv signature.

OTTO W. GREENE. 

